Hurma tree is also called a tomato tree. They often colorfully decorate the shelves. However, they are brought from afar. Many dream of growing it independently and at home, but due to specific leaving conditions, the tree grows, but rarely fruit. Do not despair, even in this situation there are ways to solve this problem.
Prejudices about growing persimmon at home
Various information sources in the total mass form the opinion that it is impossible to grow persimmon at home. There are also opinions that growing a tree itself is not a problem, but you are unlikely to see fruits.
As practice shows, persimmon is growing without any problems at home, and subject to agricultural technology, also fruit.
So, prejudices:
Hurmma fruit seeds practically do not stand.
This problem is solved by the special conditions for their landing. To do this, you can use the usual seed of recently eaten persimmon. Having taken the container with the ground, just put the seed on it and slightly sprinkle. Over the next 2-3 days, carry out abundant watering. In fact, after 3-4, a maximum of 10 days, the seed always gives sufficiently strong sprouts. Depending on the age of the mother tree, the similarity of the seeds can be significantly reduced. If you use a seed that has been dried, it is best to withstand in a liquid growth stimulant, for example, such as heteroauxin, epin or rhizomes.
Hurma requires constant top dressing and fertilizer of the soil in which it grows.
It must be remembered that persimmon prefers light soils with a minimum amount of organic substances in its composition. For this reason, the process of fertilizer with mineral or organic fertilizers should be very accurate. As they say, it is better to undergo non -feed than to overfeed.
Hurma is a tropical plant, and therefore grows only in warm conditions.
This is the most common misconception, since the persimmon is perfectly adapted to the cold conditions of our country. She can carry frosts of 20 degrees, and Verginskaya persimmon even up to 40 degrees. At the same time, this tree needs big frosts. This stimulates an increase in productivity.
Care for one -year -old persimmon in the conditions of home cultivation
Hurma breeding at home begins with the preparation of the soil for it. To do this, use humus, peat and river sand in equal parts (pumped). You can also disinfect the soil used. For this, the soil used is heated over the open fire with the addition of one liter of water. After that, you can add special liquid concentrates of microorganisms to it.
AGROCICAL Rules for seeding of seeds
The soil in which the seeding will be planted should be abundantly moisturized. However, she should not turn into a mud puddle. After planting seeds, the container is placed in a warm bright place without drafts. For the second, third week, the sprouts of the persimmon appear. As soon as this happens, the seedlings are rearranged under the sun’s rays (on the windowsill). Often the shell of the seed sticks to the leaves of the sprout and interferes with its further growth. It can be neatly separated from the sheet. But if you are afraid to damage the leaves, then wrap it with wet gauze, and it will disappear over time.
After 15-20 days, the sprouts dive and transplant into separate containers for further growth.
Several points about transplantation
Hurma as a plant has a very powerful root system.
This will require a phased transplant of the plant into a large capacity. However, it should be remembered that the container must correspond to the plant, otherwise it will adversely affect its fertility.
The main task that is facing us is to create conditions under which the plant will bear fruit. The main condition for transplantation is an increase in the pot in diameter with each transplant up to 4 cm. Strong growth of the plant in the first year may require transplantation twice. In the future, such a transplant is done every six months. From 3 to 5 years, transplantation is carried out once a year, and for 6 years it is transplanted and left in this vessel for all the time.
Hurma is photophilous, but does not like a lot of sun
Hurma is very demanding on light saturation regime. It should be remembered that growing persimmon at home, it places it in the most lit places where there is no direct effect of solar ultraviolet radiation. Making her sunbathing, you can seriously damage the leaves that are not accustomed to such lighting. They need to be done in stages, adding every day the time of stay in the sun.
It should also be borne in mind that the movement of the plant to a more lit place is best done in the evening, so that the plant does not receive stress.
At the beginning of the transfer period to the open area to the sun’s rays, an artificial shading should be created. Moreover, the more light, the more moisture is consumed by the plant. Therefore, an increase in watering will be required.
Moderation in watering and fertilizer
For all its unpretentiousness, persimmon does not tolerate stress in the form of a change in watering or abundant top dressing. In fact, the root of the root system is very balanced in relation to the ground green part. Given the fact that the roots in growth are limited by the planting capacity and fully correspond to the ground part, the presence of a large amount of nutrients in the soil can lead to the formation of an excess of nitrogen, which will not be used and can lead to a plant disease.
At the same time, persimmon requires a balanced top dressing, especially trace elements that have a beneficial effect on its immunity.
Gurma regular fertilizer twice a month and in small doses
The natural conditions for the growth of persimmon are poor rocky soils of mountain valleys and slopes. Excess of organic fertilizers inhibits the plant. As practice shows, it is better to use poor soil, which will subsequently be watered by complex fertilizers that contain both organic substances and trace elements.
It is forbidden to introduce dry organic substances into the ground, as this leads to a burn of roots and destruction of a tree.
Crohn’s formation is the key to the crop
Когда растение хурмы выбрасывает 4-5 лист, его прищипывают. This stimulates the accelerated growth of lateral shoots. After the same 4-5 leaves are formed on them, they are also pinned. This leaving method ultimately gives a tree of small stature with a spherical shape.
The persimulation of the persimmon to the formation of fruit buds can be carried out by ringing of a separate branch. For this:
We select the most powerful branch.
Using a sharp knife, with a perpendicular growth, remove the ring of the bark.
We turn the removed bark and put it back to the place of clippings.
Close the cutting line to avoid moisture loss.
After a certain time, a ring of a young bark is formed at the place of intervention, which indicates the success of the operation.
Conducting such an operation reduces the growth of this branch, which reflexively leads to the formation of new fruit buds and their flowering.
You can accelerate the fruiting process and increase productivity by using bias on young trees from already fruiting trees at home.
The method of the scion is standard and is made on the end cut of the branch. Before vaccinating stalks, it is necessary to place for a while in a mixture of water and sugar.
Wintering of the persimmons
Hurma tolerates the cold season perfectly, and is even recommended to improve fruiting. However, the plant must be prepared for this. In the autumn months, we reduce the amount of watering and no longer feed. After a while, the leaves will turn on and fall. In cases, if the tree is fruit, then the fruits will ripen to the last leaf fall. After the tree is freed from the leaves and fruits, it is placed in a cool place, for this you can use the basement or shed.
Varietal trees of some species of persimmons can carry frosts up to 40 degrees. However, grown at home can tolerate frosts up to 15 degrees. Therefore, choosing a wintering place, it should be remembered that the temperature does not drop to a critical minimum in it. The most optimal temperature regime of wintering for persimmons is from 0 to + 5 degrees.
The premises of wintering of the persimmon requires ventilation, as well as the absence of an increased level of humidity. It is necessary to ensure that the soil in planting containers is not too dry or too wet. During the winter you can produce only 1-2 irrigation. Good wintering conditions – the key to the harvest and health of the Hurma tree.